Still mailing your Fuel Excise Tax returns the old-fashioned way? Make the move to online filing and complete your Form 720 in minutes.

File your Fuel Excise Taxes quickly and securely with Simple720, an IRS-authorized Form 720 e-file provider.

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What Is Fuel Excise Tax?

  • Fuel excise tax is a federal tax imposed under Internal Revenue Code Section 4081 on certain fuels, such as gasoline, diesel, kerosene, and other taxable fuels, when they are removed for consumption, entered into the United States, sold, or used in a taxable manner.
  • It is a specific (per unit) tax applied to measurable quantities of fuel (often per gallon or equivalent) rather than based on price, and the liability generally arises during fuel distribution or use by manufacturers, importers, or distributors.
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Common Challenges in Fuel Excise Tax Filing

Complex Tax Categories and Rates
Fuel excise taxes include many distinct categories (gasoline, diesel, kerosene, diesel-water fuel emulsion, alternative fuels, etc.), each with its own IRS number and rate. Understanding which rate applies and where to report it on Form 720 can be confusing.
Determining Eligibility for Credits and Refunds
Fuel tax credits and refunds (such as for off-highway or nontaxable uses) have complex eligibility requirements, and incorrect claims can lead to penalties. Taxpayers must carefully document uses and follow IRS guidance precisely.
Accurate Gallon Tracking and Recordkeeping
Accurately tracking the number of taxable versus nontaxable gallons used is critical for correct excise tax reporting and claiming credits. Poor recordkeeping increases the risk of misreporting and IRS notices.
Understanding Taxable Events and Timing
Fuel excise tax liability occurs at specific points (such as removal from a terminal rack or entry into the U.S.), and misidentifying these taxable events can result in incorrect tax liability reporting.
Navigating IRS Filing Requirements
Preparing Form 720 and related refund or credit forms (such as Form 8849) requires familiarity with IRS rules and schedules, which many taxpayers find difficult without specialized knowledge.

Smart Solutions for Fuel Excise Tax Filing Challenges

Simple720
Simple720 makes filing your Fuel Excise Tax returns simple, accurate, and stress-free from start to finish.
Automatic Tax Rate Application and Calculations
Once you select the correct fuel category, the applicable IRS tax rate is automatically applied. The system calculates the tax based on gallons entered, reducing manual computation errors.
Quarterly Filing Made Simple
File your Form 720 for each quarter through a structured, step-by-step process. The guided workflow ensures you complete all required sections before submission.
Built-In Validation to Reduce Errors
Before submission, entries are reviewed through automated checks to help identify missing or inconsistent information. This helps minimize IRS rejections and amendment filings.
Secure Digital Record Storage
All your fuel excise tax returns are securely stored online for easy retrieval. Access prior filings anytime for reporting, audits, or internal review purposes.
Flexible and Budget-Friendly Pricing
Simple720 offers straightforward pricing with no hidden fees. File your Fuel Excise Taxes confidently while keeping compliance costs under control.

Fuel Excise Tax Categories Filed Using Simple720

IRS No. 60 Diesel Fuel

Federal excise tax imposed on diesel fuel removed at the terminal rack, entered into the United States, or sold or used in a taxable manner. The tax generally applies to diesel used in highway vehicles and certain other taxable uses.

IRS No. 104 Diesel-Water Fuel Emulsion

Tax on qualifying diesel-water fuel emulsion that meets IRS requirements, including minimum water content and proper registration. When qualified, it is taxed at a reduced per-gallon rate under IRC §4081.

IRS No. 105 Dyed Diesel Fuel, LUST Tax

Leaking Underground Storage Tank (LUST) tax that applies to dyed diesel fuel in specific taxable situations. Dyed diesel is generally used for off-highway purposes but may trigger LUST liability under certain removals or uses.

IRS No. 107 Dyed Kerosene, LUST Tax

LUST tax imposed on dyed kerosene in particular taxable events. Dyed kerosene is normally for exempt uses but may become taxable depending on how it is removed or used.

IRS No. 119 LUST Tax, Other Exempt Removals

LUST tax applied to certain fuel removals that are otherwise exempt from the main fuel excise tax. This ensures underground storage tank funding applies in specified cases.

IRS No. 35 Kerosene

Excise tax on kerosene removed at the terminal rack, entered into the United States, or sold for taxable use. The tax generally applies when kerosene is used as a motor fuel.

IRS No. 69 Kerosene for Use in Aviation

Tax imposed on kerosene used in aviation that does not qualify for the commercial aviation rate. This typically applies to non-commercial or private aviation uses.

IRS No. 77 Kerosene for Use in Commercial Aviation

Reduced-rate excise tax on kerosene used in commercial aviation operations. Special rules apply for foreign trade and certain international flights.

IRS No. 111 Kerosene for Use in Aviation, LUST Tax

LUST tax that applies to aviation kerosene under specific nontaxable fuel use circumstances. It ensures underground storage tank funding even where the main excise tax does not apply.

IRS No. 79 Other Fuels

Category covering taxable fuels not specifically listed elsewhere on Form 720. It applies to fuels that meet the definition of taxable fuel under IRC §4081 but do not fall under standard gasoline, diesel, or kerosene categories.

IRS No. 62 Gasoline

Federal excise tax imposed on gasoline removed at the terminal rack, entered into the United States, or sold or used in a taxable manner. This commonly applies to gasoline used in highway vehicles.

IRS No. 13 Any Liquid Fuel Used in a Fractional Ownership Aircraft Program

Tax on liquid fuel used in aircraft operated under fractional ownership programs. The tax is calculated differently from standard aviation fuel taxes.

IRS No. 14 Aviation Gasoline

Excise tax imposed on aviation gasoline used in aircraft operations. This fuel is distinct from kerosene-based jet fuel.

IRS No. 112 Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)

Tax on liquefied petroleum gas used as a motor fuel in vehicles. It applies when LPG is sold or used for highway transportation.

IRS No. 118 “P Series” Fuels

Excise tax on alternative “P Series” blended fuels recognized under federal fuel definitions. These fuels are taxed when used as motor fuel.

IRS No. 120 Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)

Tax imposed on compressed natural gas used as a motor fuel. The tax generally applies when CNG is sold for use in highway vehicles.

IRS No. 121 Liquefied Hydrogen

Excise tax on liquefied hydrogen used as a motor fuel. Liability arises when it is sold or used for taxable transportation purposes.

IRS No. 122 Fischer-Tropsch Process Liquid Fuel from Coal

Tax on synthetic liquid fuel produced from coal using the Fischer-Tropsch process. It is taxed when used as a motor fuel.

IRS No. 123 Liquid Fuel Derived from Biomass

Excise tax on liquid fuels produced from biomass sources. The tax applies when the fuel is used or sold for taxable motor fuel purposes.

IRS No. 124 Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)

Federal excise tax imposed on liquefied natural gas when it is used or sold as a motor fuel. The tax generally applies to LNG used in highway vehicles and other taxable transportation uses.


Fuel Excise Tax Filing: Manual vs Online Steps

Manual Filing Steps (Paper Filing)
  • Step 1 - Download the latest versions of Form 720 from the official IRS website.
  • Step 2 - Enter business details such as company name, address, and contact information on both forms.
  • Step 3 - Provide your EIN and select the correct tax quarter.
  • Step 4 - Identify the correct IRS number tax category for your filing.
  • Step 5 - Enter taxable quantities manually for each applicable category.
  • Step 6 - Refer to Form 720 instructions and manually calculate tax amounts using published rates.
  • Step 7 - Perform additional calculations for special categories that require extra data inputs.
  • Step 8 - Total all the tax amounts and enter the final Tax amount in part 3
  • Step 9 - Complete Form 720-V payment voucher with EIN, quarter, and payment amount.
  • Step 10 - Attach Form 720 with payment and mail the complete package to the correct IRS address.
Online Filing Steps With Simple720
  • Step 1 - Create your free Simple720 account and log in securely.
  • Step 2 - Enter your business information including name, address, EIN, and filing quarter.
  • Step 3 - Select the applicable Fuel Excise Tax category and subcategory.
  • Step 4 - Enter the required quantity in gallons and tax date.
  • Step 5 - Review the auto-calculated tax amount and submit your return with secure payment.
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Frequently Asked Questions

Fuel excise tax liability generally arises when taxable fuel is removed from a refinery or terminal rack, entered into the United States, or sold or used in a taxable manner. The specific taxable event depends on the type of fuel and the transaction involved, as outlined in IRS guidance.

The liability typically falls on the position holder at the terminal rack or the importer of the fuel. In certain situations, other parties may be responsible depending on how and when the fuel is removed, sold, or used.

Yes, certain uses of fuel are exempt from the main excise tax, such as specific off-highway, farming, aviation, or governmental uses, depending on the fuel type. However, some exempt removals may still be subject to the Leaking Underground Storage Tank (LUST) tax.

Businesses may claim credits or refunds if taxable fuel is later used for a nontaxable purpose. Claims are generally made using Form 8849 or as a credit on an income tax return, subject to documentation and eligibility rules.

Taxpayers must maintain detailed records showing the type and quantity of fuel, dates of removal or sale, and the taxable or nontaxable use of the fuel. Proper documentation is essential to support reported tax liabilities and any credits or refund claims.

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